What procedure does prophylaxis refer to in dental hygiene?

Prophylaxis in dental hygiene refers specifically to the scaling and polishing procedures carried out to prevent periodontal disease and to maintain oral health. During prophylaxis, dental hygienists remove plaque, tartar, and stains from the surfaces of the teeth, which helps to prevent cavities and gum disease. It is an essential preventive measure to ensure that the teeth and gums remain healthy.

The term "prophylaxis" itself means prevention, which aligns perfectly with the goals of this procedure. While routine dental exams and assessments may be part of overall dental care, they do not involve the direct removal of calculus and staining, which is the hallmark of prophylactic care. Similarly, tooth fillings and dental extractions are treatment procedures aimed at addressing specific dental issues rather than preventing them, which places them outside the specific context of what prophylaxis entails.